Abstract
Different size effects and deformation mechanisms are revealed in α-titanium (Ti) single crystal nanopillars orientated for [112̄0] and [0001] based on molecular dynamics simulations. The strength–size relationship changes from “smaller is stronger” to “smaller is much weaker” when the width of nanopillars reduces from 19nm to 3nm. The “smaller is much weaker” is attributed to that the surface effect caused by a thermal vibration of surface atoms leads to the initiation and growth of surface dislocations.
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