Abstract
In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of nanocarbon blacks (NCBs) with different sizes to mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. MTT and fluorescence-based LIVE assays demonstrated that NCBs uptake caused a size and dose-dependent growth inhibition to the cells. Optical microscopy observations and 99mTc radionuclide labeling techniques were used to investigate the cellular uptake of NCBs with different sizes qualitatively and quantitatively, respectively. Results showed that the cellular uptake amounts of NCBs increased with their increasing size. Large quantities of internal NCBs induced oxidative stress and nuclear damage in cells; these effects may be the critical factors involved in the cytotoxicity of NCBs. The implications associated with these findings are discussed.
Highlights
Driven by the booming nanotechnology, production and use of nanomaterials are increasing rapidly.Nanomaterials are approaching and entering people’s daily lives due to their massive application.whether they would adversely affect the environment and human health has become a focus of attention
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed that these nanocarbon blacks (NCBs) were functionalized with oxygen-containing groups, e.g., –COOH and –OH (Figure S1), which impart hydrophilicity to NCBs and make them stable in aqueous solution
Photos of different sized NCB solution at various concentrations confirm that these nanomaterials were dispersed in aqueous solution and complete cell culture medium by sonication (Figure S2)
Summary
Driven by the booming nanotechnology, production and use of nanomaterials are increasing rapidly.Nanomaterials are approaching and entering people’s daily lives due to their massive application.whether they would adversely affect the environment and human health has become a focus of attention. Driven by the booming nanotechnology, production and use of nanomaterials are increasing rapidly. Nanomaterials are approaching and entering people’s daily lives due to their massive application. Whether they would adversely affect the environment and human health has become a focus of attention. There are about thirty groups (though possibly more, the statistical reports are not complete) that are performing nanotoxicology research, to some extent, in China. Nanocarbon blacks (NCBs) are well-characterized inert nanoparticles containing a basic carbon nucleus with particle size less than 100 nm and carbon content greater than 99.5%. It is reported that annual carbon black (CB) emissions in China were 1957 Gg in 2007 and increasing in recent years [3]
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