Size based dependence of patient dose metrics, and image quality metrics for clinical indicator-based imaging protocols in abdominal CT procedures

Abstract

IntroductionDiagnostic reference level (DRL) values for computed tomography (CT) based on clinical indication are warranted since imaging protocols are indication-dependent. This study proposes clinical DRL values using the CT dose metrics and five patient size-related parameters while considering image quality. MethodsThe volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol), dose-length product (DLP) and five size-related parameters of size-specific dose estimates (SSDE), namely the anterior-posterior (AP) dimension, lateral (LAT) dimension, sum dimension, effective diameter, and the body mass index (BMI), were used to calculate DRL values for CT chest-abdomen-pelvis (CAP) and abdomen-pelvis (AbP) protocols. DRL values of the clinical indications for cancer, urinary system stones and other pathologies were assessed based on the BMI classifications using the median and 75th percentile. An image subtraction algorithm was used to assess the image quality metrics (IQM) of the CT images. ResultsThe 75th percentile for SSDEAP dimension for CAP cancer was 19.7, 14.9 and 12.7 mGy at Hospitals A, C and E, respectively. The median DLP for other AbP pathologies was 556.3, 1452.0 and 1960.7 mGy.cm for normal weight, overweight and obese patients, respectively, at Hospital A. The image quality varied among BMI classifications for different clinically indicated examinations. Although the dose increased with BMI, the image quality index was consistent because automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) was used. ConclusionDRL values are influenced by patient size-related parameters and the clinical indication protocols, while the image quality index is independent of the BMI. Implications for practiceSize-related clinical DRL values and image quality index can be used to monitor and optimise dose and image quality. Acquisition parameters and image quality indexes should be investigated and adjusted when unusually high DRL values are noted.