Situation of Human Development, Human Capital, Agriculture and Rural Development in Russia

Abstract

In this chapter, the situation of human development, human capita, agriculture and rural development in recent Russia is described by using the government statistical data. First, the whole situation of human development, human capital, agriculture and rural development has be improved since 2000s. However, there are large differences in the growth of the population, the salary level and human capital among regions. Secondly, the importance of agriculture enterprises (AEs) has increased in the period. Especially a different type so called “new operators” (a particular class of these new operators is the very large agroholdings) emerged and it has given a great impact on the agriculture sector. Thirdly, a low entrepreneurial activity was found by Global Entrepreneurship Monitory (GEM) in the attitude of the population towards entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship. Many Russians fear the failure of undertaking their own businesses. Although the government of Russia takes a strong position on influence for development of social innovations in the country, there is few in agricultural and rural development. Social innovations are most used in areas related to the direct functions of the welfare state, such as health care and social assistance, education, reducing inequalities in access to services, employment and environmental protection.