Situating the Self within the Changing Societal Dynamics- a Perspective of the Nat in India

Abstract

ABSTRACT India is home to a wide range of ethnic groups. Each group has unique characteristics. The Nat, for instance, is a nomadic tribe and is known for its specialized acrobatic and musical skills. The associated traditional occupations, however, have proved restrictive to the socio-economic mobility of the tribe. This study, therefore, is an attempt to develop an understanding of the ways in which the Nat situate themselves within the changing social dynamics by addressing the following questions: How do members of the Nat community evolve in response to changing societal dynamics? Has the change been restrictive to the tribe’s social and economic mobility? In order to find answers to these questions 31 case studies were conducted of the Nat from four states in India who had gathered at a famous fair organized annually in Chhattisgarh state. Analysis of the data collected followed Wolcott’s and Biggam’s iterative approach to the description and interpretation of the field notes and case studies. The findings of the study suggest that in order to survive, the Nat community has significantly assimilated with mainstream society by adopting social differentiation based on caste and religion. Instead of reaping positive results, this process has proved detrimental to the socio-economic situation of the Nat. While other communities reap the benefits of the developmental processes, the Nat nomadic tribe continues to be stigmatized and marginalized. Social and economic mobility is significantly lacking and the few measures taken for their welfare have not improved their situation. Efforts from both the researchers and the major stakeholders are indispensable so that relevant policy measures may be introduced for their welfare.