Abstract
This article presents site-specific probable seismic hazard of the Himachal Pradesh province, situated in a seismically active region of northwest Himalaya, using the ground motion relations presented in a companion article. Seismic recurrence parameters for all the documented probable sources are established from an updated earthquake catalogue. The contour maps of probable spectral acceleration at 0, 0.2, and 1 s (5% damping) are presented for 475 and 2475 years return periods. Also, the hazard curves and uniform hazard response spectrums are presented for all the important cities in this province. Results indicate that the present codal provision underestimates the seismic hazard at cities of Bilaspur, Shimla, Hamirpur, Chamba, Mandi, and Solan. In addition, regions near Bilaspur and Chamba exhibit higher hazard levels than what is reported in literature.
Highlights
The state of Himachal Pradesh, is situated in the north-western part of Himalayas which is seismically very active
This issue was addressed by NDMA (2011) which presented ground motion relations for class A sites taking into account the regional geological and seismogenic characteristics of India
In order to carry out probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), the seismicity of all the probable sources is characterized in terms of the Gutenberg–Richter (G–R) recurrence relationship using an updated catalogue which will be discussed
Summary
The state of Himachal Pradesh, is situated in the north-western part of Himalayas which is seismically very active. Some of the major Himalayan faults, such as the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT), Main Central Thrust (MCT), and Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), are present here As a result, this region has been subjected to several major earthquakes in the past, namely, the Kangra earthquake (Mw 7.8, 1905), Uttarkashi earthquake (Mw 7, 1991), and Chamoli earthquake (Mw 6.8, 1999), which resulted in extensive damages to infrastructure and human life. The review of earlier seismic hazard studies for this region (Khattri et al 1984, Bhatia et al 1999, Parvez et al 2003, Mahajan et al 2010, Patil et al 2014) indicates that the previous estimates are based on ground motion relations developed for entirely different geological regions This issue was addressed by NDMA (2011) which presented ground motion relations for class A sites taking into account the regional geological and seismogenic characteristics of India. These results are necessary to update the design standards for this region and are useful for designers to estimate the expected ground motion at the ground level and for risk assessment
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