Abstract
The coral reefs structure and composition are influenced by environmental condition and depth. Therefore, this study was conducted to find and examine the influence of depth against coral reef structures in Pramuka Island regions, Seribu Islands, located in the northern of Jakarta. The study was carried out from November to December 2016.The data was taken by using Line Intercept Transect Method which is laid 20 meters x 3 replication parallels with shoreline at the depth of 3 and 10 meters. There was a dominant of higher hard coral (HC) coverage recorded at the depth of 3 m and the lowest percentage located in West of Pramuka. Coral mortality index varied and ranged from 0.39 to 0.98. West of Pramuka Island dominant have the lowest value of average number of families, genera, and life form. Percentage of hard coral cover, coral mortality index, average number of family, genera, and life form differed significantly between sites. The different of depth only influencing the percentage of coral cover and average number of life form.
Highlights
Resistance and recovery of corals are related significantly to the condition of the environment (McClanahan et al, 2012)
Coral reefs in Pramuka Island regions, Seribu Islands are under pressure from acute stressors such as human disturbance and environmental condition that threatened their continued existence (Setyawan et al, 2011, Madduppa, 2014)
The main aims of this study were to determine the influence of study sites and two different depths (3 and 10m) on percentage of coral cover, coral mortality index, mean composition number of families, genera, and life form that found in four islands (Pramuka, Air, Panggang, Sekati) within Seribu Islands, Jakarta
Summary
Resistance and recovery of corals are related significantly to the condition of the environment (McClanahan et al, 2012). One of the main factor restricting the shallow-water corals is seawater temperature (Denis et al, 2013). There were another several of physical environments factor affecting the growth and survival rate of corals such as light reduction (Subhan et al, 2012), sedimentation (Fabricius, 2005), dissolved oxygen (Haas et al, 2014), salinity (Kuanui et al, 2015), and the most important parameter is depth (Cleary et al, 2005). Coral reefs in Pramuka Island regions, Seribu Islands are under pressure from acute stressors such as human disturbance and environmental condition that threatened their continued existence (Setyawan et al, 2011, Madduppa, 2014). The main aims of this study were to determine the influence of study sites and two different depths (3 and 10m) on percentage of coral cover, coral mortality index, mean composition number of families, genera, and life form that found in four islands (Pramuka, Air, Panggang, Sekati) within Seribu Islands, Jakarta
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