Abstract
Breeding systems were evaluated for 51 plant species according to life form, pollination system, vegetation type, and phenology, in the coastal plain of Paraguaná Peninsula, Venezuela. Sexual systems were no associated to life form, pollination system, vegetation type, and phenology. The frequency distribution of sexual system was 82.3% hermaphroditism, 15.6% monoecy, and 1.9% dioecy. All sexual systems had a peak during the lowest rainfall. Genetic system distribution was 64.8% self-compatibility (including partially self-compatibility) and 35.2% self-incompatibility. Among self-compatible species, 45.1% were autogamous (19.6% not autogamous). The genetic systems were associated significantly to: (1) plant life form: self-compatible species tend to be herbaceous and self-incompatible plants tend to be woody species; (2) vegetation type: self-compatible species were predominant in the three vegetation types, but in the mangrove the frequency of self-compatible and self-incompatibles was similar; and (3) pollination system: most of the self-compatible species were polyphilous. Mating systems: xenogamous and autogamous species were associated only with plant life forms. Xenogamous plants were mostly woody species and autogamous plants were mostly herbaceous species. The high incidence of hermaphroditism, self-compatibility, and autogamy are related to herbaceous life form, polyphilous pollination system, and climatic conditions, together the insularity of the Paraguaná peninsula.
Highlights
Janzen (1970) y Lloyd (1980) postularon que en ambientes donde existen intensas interacciones bióticas y abióticas, aparentemente, se favorece la selección hacia aquellos elementos donde exista un incremento de la recombinación genética mediante el entrecruzamiento
De acuerdo a la historia geológica de la Península, las características climáticas predominantemente adversas, la alta incidencia de especies herbáceas, fenología de floración superpuesta y polinización poco especializada, deberían encontrarse una alta incidencia de especies autocompatibles, principalmente autogamas, así como una baja frecuencia de especies dioecia
A PA PA NA NA NA A NA A A a= Resultados estadísticos entre las comparaciones de autopolinización manual y polinización automática a nivel de frutos (ft) y nivel de semillas (se). *= No significativo; **= P< 0.02, ***= P< 0.01; ****= P< 0.001. b= NA: No autogama, PA: Parcialmente autogama; A: Autogama, SR: Sin Resultados
Summary
CUADRO 3 Distribución de frecuencia de los sistemas genéticos de reproducción de acuerdo a la forma de vida de las especies, hábitat y sistema de polinización. El número total de especies por hábitat excede el número total de 50 porque algunas especies ocurren en más de un hábitat
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