Abstract
Un SIG (Sistema de Información Geográfica) tipológico, es un sistema diseñado para almacenar, analizar, gestionar y visualizar
 datos geo-referenciados sobre el entorno construido. Permite consultas interactivas para explorar las relaciones espaciales entre
 edificios mejorarando el conocimiento del patrimonio construido a diferentes escalas. Realizando un análisis espacio-tipológico, es
 posible extraer información de los edificios existentes sobre las tipologías más utilizadas a diferentes niveles, desde la escala urbana hasta el detalle constructivo. Este conocimiento, podría servir de apoyo para un correcto diseño en los proyectos de renovación urbana destinados a mantener inalterado el carácter de la zona considerada y preservar su valor cultural e histórico. Este trabajo presenta la primera fase de implementación del SIG tipológico de un centro histórico situado al norte de Nápoles, y muestra algunos ejemplos de posibles consultas del SIG para la investigación tipológica del entorno construido a diferentes niveles de detalle.
Highlights
Between the end of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century, GIS had established as a support for urban planning, in a participatory way (1)
To fully exploit a typological GIS potential, analogously to what has been done in the field of energy consumption reduction with the Energy GIS (E-GIS), it is necessary to consider a building in its own context and analyse, for the latter, the same characteristics to be investigated for the construction (7, 8, 9)
Each surveyed building is univocally identified in the sheet by assigning it a unique identification code (ID) and geographic coordinates, the latter by means of a GPS app installed on portable devices
Summary
Between the end of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century, GIS had established as a support for urban planning, in a participatory way (1). GIS, being devoted to modelling real world with a geographic approach, enables to acquire and store information about the shape and elements of the built environment. This characteristic makes it suitable for exploring, by carrying out geospatial analysis with appropriate queries, the relationships between buildings (4) and building components, picturing the built environment at different levels, from land scale to construction detail (5). A typological GIS is meant to digitalise the modelling-guides for the design of urban areas and buildings, shaping up to be the simplest and most effective tool in managing the complexity of the built environment, for urban and architectural regeneration projects (2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 18)
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