Abstract
This study discusses the practice of the bombon system which is a tradition of the Kadazandusun community. The bombon system is a method of conservation of freshwater fish that has been practiced by the Kadazandusun since the time of their ancestors. Through this practice, the Kadazandusun community can preserve their environment, while at the same time ensuring a continuous source of fish. The bombon tradition is based on the traditional beliefs and customary laws of the Kadazandusun people. The bombon system shows the local wisdom of the Kadazandusun community towards the environment and in human relations. The problem around which this study is centred relates to the structural functionalism of the bombon system in the life of the Kadazandusun community. The objective of this study is to look at the function and role of the practice of the bombon system in the life of the Kadazandusun community. This study was conducted via field study, employing interviews, participatory observations and document research. The results show that the bombon system and the Kadazandusun community are functional and support each other’s survival. The practice of the bombon system becomes a functional aesthetic requirement for the community of bombon practitioners, furthering its role as a contributor to the values and culture of the practitioner community. The practice of the bombon system, which highlights many implicit and explicit positive effects in the life of the Kadazandusun community, proves that the practice is functional and continues to be relevant to the life of the community today.
Highlights
Masyarakat Kadazandusun merupakan penduduk asli yang terbesar di negeri Sabah, dengan populasi satu pertiga daripada keseluruhan jumlah penduduknya
Kepentingan adat dalam seluruh aspek kehidupan masyarakat Kadazandusun digambarkan oleh Luping (2009: 100) sebagai “adat was a way of life.”
Tarikh Peroleh (received): 28 Ogos 2020 Tarikh Terima (accepted): 08 Disember 2020
Summary
Kaedah yang digunakan ialah pemerhatian ikut serta dan temu bual secara formal dan tidak formal. Dalam kajian ini data primer diperoleh melalui temu bual mendalam serta pemerhatian secara langsung di kawasan lapangan. Perlakuan masyarakat dapat diperhatikan dan dianalisis untuk memahami tingkah laku subjek kajian secara langsung. Melalui kaedah pemerhatian secara langsung, pengkaji juga dapat masuk dan merasai sendiri perjalanan aktiviti budaya yang dikaji, peralatan yang digunakan, cara dan kaedah yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan sistem bombon. Antara informan yang ditemu bual termasuklah ketua anak negeri, ketua kampung, bekas ketua kampung, bekas ketua daerah, bekas pegawai kerajaan, dan budayawan yang kebanyakannya pernah dan masih aktif dan terlibat secara langsung dengan aktiviti budaya yang dikaji. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan teori fungsionalisme struktural, yang menyarankan untuk melihat masyarakat sebagai suatu sistem yang terdiri daripada pelbagai elemen atau unsur sosiobudaya atau struktur dalam kehidupan yang harus berfungsi (fungsional) dan saling berhubung sehingga masyarakat secara keseluruhan dapat menjalankan fungsi mereka dengan harmoni (Beattie, 1979: 79).
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