Abstract
To achieve polymer-free and controllable drug-eluting system, there have been many efforts to modify the surface composition and topography of metal stent. Recently, calcium phosphate is commonly applied to metallic implants as a coating material for fast fixation and firm-implant bone attachment on the account of its demonstrated bioactive and osteoconductive properties. In the present study, the release of sirolimus could be controllable because of immobilization of sirolimus during the process of biomimetic CaP coating forming. A completely new concept is the drug carrier of biomimetic CaP coating with sirolimus for an absorbable drug eluting system, which in turn can serve as a drug reservoir. We here describe the characteristic, mechanisms and drug release in vitro of new drug-eluting system in comparison to conventional system equivalent. Nano-structured calcium phosphate (CaP) coating was formed on the cobalt–chromium (Co-Cr) alloy substrate. By immersing coated sample in solution with sirolimus (rapamycin), the sirolimus could be immobilized in the newly formed CaP layer. The morphology, composition and formation process of the coating were studied with scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that a uniform CaP coating incorporated with sirolimus was observed on Co-Cr alloy.
Highlights
Cobalt–chromium (Co-Cr) alloys occupy an important place as metallic biomaterials
Paclitaxel or sirolimus are used as the drug for available drug-eluting stents (DES)
In order to reduce the inflammatory reaction and balance drug release, which is partially caused by the polymer, calcium phosphate (CaP) coating is developed
Summary
Cobalt–chromium (Co-Cr) alloys occupy an important place as metallic biomaterials. Co-Cr alloys, according to ASTM standard, have been used for several decades [1] and recently have been used for making coronary stents. Porous surface provides the possibility of loading more drugs than the smooth metal surface because of the larger surface area and the stronger absorption ability. In order to reduce the inflammatory reaction and balance drug release, which is partially caused by the polymer, CaP coating is developed. It is good for extended release of sirolimus in DES. The porous structure of biomimetic CaP coating for the drug carrier is not dependent on the use of the polymer, which is named polymer-free drug-eluting system. We here report on a novel drug-eluting system to control release of sirolimus. It is first time to form CaP coating on CoCr alloy by biomimetic method and immobilize sirolimus
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