Siraitia grosvenorii Residual Extract Attenuates Atopic Dermatitis by Regulating Immune Dysfunction and Skin Barrier Abnormality.

Yoon-Young Sung,Dong-Seon Kim,Seung-Hyung Kim,Heung-Joo Yuk,Won-Kyung Yang

doi:10.3390/nu12123638

Yoon-Young Sung, Dong-Seon Kim + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123638

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Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is a persistent inflammatory skin disorder. Siraitia grosvenorii fruits (monk fruit or nahangwa in Korean, NHG) are used as a natural sweetener and as a traditional medicine for the treatment of asthma and bronchitis. We evaluated the activity of S. grosvenorii residual extract (NHGR) on allergic inflammation of atopic dermatitis in a Dermatophagoides farinae mite antigen extract (DfE)-treated NC/Nga murine model and in vitro. Oral administration of NHGR significantly reduced epidermal hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration in the skin lesions of DfE-induced atopic dermatitis, as well as the dermatitis severity score. NHGR reduced serum immunoglobulin E levels. Splenic concentrations of IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 were reduced by NHGR administration. Immunohistofluorescence staining showed that NHGR administration increased the protein levels of claudin-1, SIRT1, and filaggrin in atopic dermatitis skin lesions. In addition, NHGR inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and decreased filaggrin and chemokine protein expression in TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced human keratinocytes. Moreover, NHGR also inhibited histamine in mast cells. The quantitative analysis of NHGR revealed the presence of grosvenorine, kaempferitrin, and mogrosides. These results demonstrate that NHGR may be an efficient therapeutic agent for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

Highlights

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a persistent inflammatory skin disorder that is characterized by acute itching and relapsing eczematous lesions with eosinophilia and increased immunoglobulin (Ig) E in serum [1]
To investigate the activity of NHGR oral administration on AD symptoms, dermatitis score, ear thickness, body weight, and serum total IgE concentrations were evaluated in Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DfE)-applied normal control (NC)/Nga mice
Application of DfE for three weeks caused AD symptoms such as erythema, dryness, erosion, scarring, edema, excoriation, and hemorrhage, and these dermatitis symptoms were relieved by oral administration with NHGR

Summary

Introduction

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a persistent inflammatory skin disorder that is characterized by acute itching and relapsing eczematous lesions with eosinophilia and increased immunoglobulin (Ig) E in serum [1]. Patients with AD have an increased hazard for allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and food allergies (the so-called atopic march), as well as other immune-related inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and mental health disorders [2]. Both immune system dysregulation and cutaneous epidermal skin barrier impaired functioning are involved in the progression of AD, the exact mechanisms are still unclear [3]. Claudin-1 is reduced in dermal lesions of patients with AD, triggering skin inflammation [7]

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