Abstract
Chronic sinus and upper airway disease in children is a common health problem encountered every day. Its pathophysiology is complicated which leads to different treatment options and approaches. We seek to review the current literature and evidence to surgical treatments. Medical treatment with antibiotics and topical nasal sprays continues to be the first-line treatment. Surgical interventions include adenoidectomy, balloon catheter sinuplasty (BCS), and endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Each modality has proven to be safe; however, its effectiveness is widely variable. More research with higher level of evidence is needed to help in choosing the right surgical treatment with optimal benefit.
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