Sintering of Incorporated Shape Memory Alloys into Functionally Graded Materials

Abstract

Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) have been investigated as one of the most full of promise smart materials in multi applications. Among the commercially obtainable Shape Memory Alloys, nickel–titanium (Nitinol or NiTi) ones are wonderful due to their outstanding performance and reliability. In addition to strain recovery, (Ni-Ti) be an attraction in several medical applications due to its biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and fatigue behavior. Low range of transition temperature was the main challenges in the fabrication of these materials. A novel method was introduced to improve the range of transition temperatures by incorporating the shape memory effect into functionally graded materials concept. Therefore, industrialization and implementing of NiTi functionally graded materials made by a powder metallurgy method were carried out through the current work. Two samples with different seven layers of NiTi/NiTi functionally graded materials were compacted using steel die and punch at the same compacted pressure and different sintered temperature. After inspect the different samples of NiTi/NiTi functionally graded materials under different fabrication conditions, the suitability fabrication regime was determined with the aid of microscopic observations. These materials are designed to have gradual or abrupt Microstructural or compositional variations within the body in one piece of material, these samples have been produced by powder metallurgy approach and the effect of composition for each layer studied on the XRD.