Abstract
This study discusses the occurrence of sinkholes and the removal of their effects in the territory of the Old Copper District in the municipality of Lubków, Warta Bolesławiecka, located in the voivodeship of Lower Silesia. Three sinkholes appeared more than 25 years after mining activities ceased with the closure of the “Konrad” Mine of KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. The sinkholes appeared in the former mining areas in the years 2017 - 2018: the first in the area of the Lubichów III shaft located in the municipality of Lubków - the downcast and transport shaft of the "Lubichów" and "Konrad" mines; the second in the area of Lubichów IVa in Lubków - the ventilation shaft of the "Lubichów" and "Konrad" mines; and the third in the area of the Lubichów IVa shaft - in the village of Lubków. The “Lubin” Mine of KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. commissioned development of projects to mitigate the risk and to secure the areas and remove the dangers.
Highlights
The underground exploitation of deposits often results in the formation of different types of discontinuous deformations which, depending on the depth of the drifts emerge in various forms on the surface [1,2,3,4]
In the afternoon of 16 February 2017, in a private estate in the village of Lubków, in the area of the Lubichów III shaft, the emergence of mining damage in the form of a collapse of the terrain was observed in the former trunk part of the shaft (Fig. 1)
The following actions were taken on the basis of the project to liquidate the collapsed Lubichów III shaft: uncovering of the shaft barrel (Fig. 4); filling the cavity in the shaft barrel; filling the interior of the shaft with crushed basalt stone to the depth of approximately 55m; making of a reinforced concrete slab of 7.5x7.5x0.5m in a central position above the shaft, including insulation and placing of an inspection hole (Fig. 5); to monitor the interior of the shaft, with an inspection planned for July 2019 to determine whether the filling material level has changed and requires further filling; covering of the reinforced concrete slab with soil and return of the land for use by the owner of the property
Summary
The underground exploitation of deposits often results in the formation of different types of discontinuous deformations which, depending on the depth of the drifts emerge in various forms on the surface [1,2,3,4]. The condition of the occurrence of a sinkhole on the surface is the presence of the void where the roof is formed a pressure vault and its value is dependent on the width of the headings and the properties of the rocks [5,6,7,8]. In the case of insufficient thickness of the overcap (thickness less than the height of the fractured zone) the secondary void develops towards the surface of the terrain where it becomes visible in the form of a sinkhole The aim of the study is presentation of the occurrence of sinkholes and the removal of their effects in the territory of the Old Copper District in the municipality of Lubków, Warta Bolesławiecka, located in the voivodeship of Lower Silesia, Poland
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
