Abstract
The paper considers integration of multiphase (more than three phases) machines and converters into a single-phase charging process of electric vehicles (EVs) and, thus, complements recently introduced fast charging solutions for the studied phase numbers. One entirely novel topology, employing a five-phase machine, is introduced and assessed jointly with three other topologies that use an asymmetrical nine-phase machine, an asymmetrical six-phase machine, and a symmetrical six-phase machine. In all topologies, both charging and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) mode are viable. Moreover, all are capable of unity power factor operation. A torque is not produced in machines during charging/V2G process so that mechanical locking is not required. Hardware reconfiguration between propulsion and charging/V2G mode is either not required or minimized by using a single switch. Theoretical analysis of operating principles is given, and a control scheme, applicable to all topologies and which includes current balancing and interleaving strategy, is developed. Finally, operation of all topologies is compared by means of experiments in both charging and V2G mode, with a discussion of influence of current balancing and interleaving strategy on the overall performance.
Highlights
E LECTRIC vehicles (EV) drivetrain and charging equipment are never used simultaneously
In [23], the integration of a ninephase machine into a single-phase charging process is proposed at a theoretical level
This paper provides an extensive analysis of single-phase chargers incorporating: an asymmetrical nine-phase machine, an asymmetrical six-phase machine, a symmetrical six-phase machine, and a five-phase machine
Summary
E LECTRIC vehicles (EV) drivetrain and charging equipment are never used simultaneously. As already noted, integration of a three-phase machine into a three-phase charging process demands additional nonintegrated elements in order to avoid torque production. Integration of a six-phase machine into a singlephase charging process received a lot of attention It is patented in [19] and considered at a simulation level in [20] and [21]. In [23], the integration of a ninephase machine into a single-phase charging process is proposed at a theoretical level. (asymmetrical and symmetrical); and in [12], for a five-phase system architecture, all enabling fast charging with zero average torque production and full integration of the machine and the power electronic converter into the charging/V2G process.
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