Abstract
Sendai virus is a membrane-enveloped virus in the Paramyxoviridae family that infects host cells by binding to specific receptors (sialic acid terminated glycolipids or glycoproteins), which initiates membrane fusion. Sendai virus causes disease in rodents, but not in humans, although it can infect human cells in tissue culture. Consequently, it has become a virus vector candidate for gene therapy and vaccination. Here, we present the development of an assay to study the binding and fusion process of Sendai virus using microfluidic flow cells containing target membranes. We visualize single-virus binding and fusion to a glass-supported lipid bilayer (SLB), using fluorescent microscopy and labelling, which we optimized by testing various fluorescent dyes and purification techniques. By manipulating receptor concentrations and lipid compositions, we also investigated the effects of receptor density and the efficiency of gangliosides, GD1a and GQ1b, as specific receptors for Sendai virus binding and fusion.
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