Abstract
A ring-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) embedded composite gold nanowire is proposed to propagate single TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode cylindrical vector beam. The ring-core PCF mainly supports six low loss modes including x-polarized fundamental mode, y-polarized fundamental mode, TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode, TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode, HE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21-e</sub> and HE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21-o</sub> modes. By introducing the composite gold nanowire into the center of the ring-core PCF, only the TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode can propagate through the fiber with a low loss; while the other modes suffer a high loss due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Numerical results demonstrate that the ring-core PCF embedded with two-shell structured composite gold nanowire has large loss ratios of the other modes to TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode. The loss ratios are greater than or equal to 50 within the wavelength range from 1.3 to 1.39 μm. It indicates that single TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode cylindrical vector beam can be obtained by using the ring-core PCF based on SPR, which makes the fiber have a great potential in laser processing, nanotechnology, high resolution imaging and optical capture.
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