Single-Source Surface Integral Equation Formulations for Characteristic Modes of Fully Dielectric-Coated Objects

Abstract

We herein propose two novel surface integral equation formulations for the characteristic modes (CMs) of fully dielectric-coated objects, including dielectric-coated metal and dielectric-coated dielectric. The proposed approaches are based on the intrinsic dependent relationships between varieties of surface currents. Compared to the early CMs formulations for dielectric-coated objects, the proposed methods can suppress redundant modes. The numerical results of two practical antennas demonstrate that the proposed approaches can accurately provide the modal behaviors of fully dielectric-coated objects, which can provide the guidelines for the antenna engineering.