Abstract
We present a review of the theoretical models and experimental verification of the single-section Fabry-Perot mode-locked semiconductor lasers based on multiple-spatial-mode (MSM) coupling. The mode-locked operation at the repetition rates of 40 GHz and higher and the pulse width of a few picoseconds are confirmed by the intensity autocorrelation, the fast photo detection and RF spectrum, and the optical spectral interference measurement of ultrafast pulse. The spatial mode coupling theory of single-section Fabry-Perot mode-locked semiconductor lasers is also reviewed, and the results are compared with the experimental observations. The small signal modulation response of these lasers, which exhibits high-frequency responses well beyond the relaxation oscillation resonance limit, is also modeled theoretically, and the simulation is verified by the experimental measurements.
Highlights
Laser is a complex yet self-consistent system that is capable of demonstrating a wide range of dynamic behavior [1]
When multiple spatial modes are allowed in the active waveguide and the field is amplified, Advances in OptoElectronics the light tends to concentrate more to the fundamental mode that sees the highest gain and the least loss, This change of light distribution among spatial modes favors higher intensity and results in an effective saturable absorption action
In MSM mode locking scheme presented here, the pulse compressing action comes from the saturable absorption effect, where the higher intensity sees a smaller loss
Summary
Laser is a complex yet self-consistent system that is capable of demonstrating a wide range of dynamic behavior [1]. Integrated mode-locked semiconductor lasers seem to inevitably need at least two sections where one provides gain and the other saturable absorption [5, 9] Such multisection semiconductor modelocked lasers, are not easy to operate and control since delicate balance between bias currents of different sections is required for stable mode-locked operation [10]. These thorough experimental studies firmly establish the modelocked operation of such lasers.
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