Single-quadrature quantum magnetometry in cavity electromagnonics

Abstract

A scheme of an ultrasensitive magnetometer in the cavity quantum electromagnonics is proposed, where the intracavity microwave mode is coupled to a magnonic mode via magnetic dipole interaction. It is shown that by driving both magnonic and microwave modes with external classical fields and controlling the system parameters, one can reduce the added noise of magnetic field measurement below the standard quantum limit (SQL). Surprisingly, we show that beyond the rotating wave approximation (RWA), not only can the added noise be suppressed but also the output cavity response to the input signal can be substantially amplified in order to achieve a precise magnetic-field measurement. The estimated theoretical sensitivity of the proposed magnetic amplifier-sensor is approximately on the order of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}18}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{T}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$, which is competitive compared to the current state-of-the-art magnetometers like superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) and atomic magnetometers. The advantages of the proposed sensor in comparison with the other magnetometers is its high sensitivity at room temperature, sensing in a wide range of frequencies up to MHz, and its capability for signal-response amplification.