Abstract
Optical heterodyning has been observed at the single-photon level by recording the sinusoidal variation in the probability for detection of a photoelectron from a photomultiplier tube illuminated with a FM laser and a local oscillator laser. The single-photon character of the heterodyne process was demonstrated by observation of beat signals at total power levels down to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6 \times 10^{-15}</tex> W where the spacing between photons emitted from the source laser was <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\sim40 000</tex> times greater than their transit time through the apparatus.
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