Abstract
In single-pixel imaging or computational ghost imaging, the measurement matrix has a great impact on the performance of the imaging system, because it involves modulation of the optical signal and image reconstruction. The measurement matrix reported in the existing literatures is first binarized and then loaded onto the digital micro-mirror device (DMD) for optical modulation, that is, each pixel can only be modulated into on-off states. In this paper, we propose a digital grayscale modulation method for more efficient compressive sampling. On the basis of this, we demonstrate a single photon compressive imaging system. A control and counting circuit, based on field-programmable gate array (FPGA), is developed to control DMD to conduct digital grayscale modulation and count single-photon pulse output from the photomultiplier tube (PMT) simultaneously. The experimental results show that the imaging reconstruction quality can be improved by increasing the sparsity ratio properly and compressive sampling ratio (SR) of these gray-scale matrices. However, when the compressive SR and sparsity ratio are increased appropriately to a certain value, the reconstruction quality is usually saturated, and the imaging reconstruction quality of the digital grayscale modulation is better than that of binary modulation.
Highlights
Single photon compressive imaging [1,2,3] is a technique using photon counting for ultra-weak light imaging based on the compressed sensing (CS) theory [4,5,6,7]
From the mean square error (MSE), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and mean structure similarity index (MSSIM) evaluation indices corresponding to the reconstructed gray images, it can be seen that when the compressive sampling ratio (SR) is less than 0.40, the reconstruction performance of the three gray-scale matrices is relatively poor, while when the compressive SR is greater than 0.40, the performance of the random matrices is improved with an increase in the compressive SR
A digital grayscale modulation method is proposed to improve the efficiency of compressive sampling and a single photon compressive imaging system is established
Summary
Single photon compressive imaging [1,2,3] is a technique using photon counting for ultra-weak light imaging based on the compressed sensing (CS) theory [4,5,6,7]. To study the better matrix performance of the measurement matrix in the single photon compressive imaging system, some researchers have designed some new measurement matrices in recent years. Chenglong YUAN et al.: Single Photon Compressive Imaging Based on Digital Grayscale Modulation Method sensing matrix to obtain high resolution medical images with least incurred computational cost. The measurement matrix constructed by the above researchers based on compressed sensing theory improves the quality of image reconstruction. This paper proposes a digital grayscale modulation method, and constructs three different random measurement matrices with gray level through matrix transformation of different schemes. These matrices contain quaternary Gaussian random matrix, octal Gaussian random matrix, and hexadecimal Gaussian random matrix. We quantify the performance of the single photon compressive imaging system under different measurement matrices
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