Abstract
As one of the noninvasive cancer treatments, photothermal therapy (PTT) has drawn intense attention recently. In this context, an important task is to explore novel and versatile nanoscale photothermal agents (PTAs), especially those with strong NIR-II light absorption, high photothermal conversion efficiency, good photostability and biocompatibility. Phthalocyanines (Pcs), as the second-generation photosensitizers, are a promising class of candidates for PTT due to their strong NIR absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency. However, the poor water solubility severely limited their application as PTAs in tumor treatment. Herein, we report a molecular phosphorus phthalocyanine (P-Pc)-based nanoagent via incorporation of human serum albumin (HSA) under mild conditions. The obtained nanoscale P-Pc-HSA possesses excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (64.7%) upon 1064 nm light irradiation, furthermore, it can be a highly efficient NIR-II antitumor nanoagent via photothermal treatment (PTT), which is fully evidenced by the in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Highlights
Photothermal therapy (PTT), as a noninvasive and potentially efficient cancer treatment, has drawn more and more attention recently.1–5 To date, great efforts have been devoted to studies of the nanoscale photothermal agents (PTAs) with high absorbance in the near-infrared (NIR) optical window.6–10 In comparison with the rst near-infrared (NIR-I, 650–900 nm) window, the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) biowindow features superior penetration depth and maximum permissible exposure (MPE) to the light, leading to better treatment efficiency.11–15 As it is known, an ideal PTA should possess the features such as strong NIR-II light absorption, high photothermal conversion efficiency, good photostability and biocompatibility, and easy preparation
Pc-human serum albumin (HSA) NP was prepared by quickly mixing phosphorus phthalocyanine (P-Pc) in N,N-dimethylethanolamine (DMEA)/tetrahydrofuran (THF) (v/v 1⁄4 1 : 1) and HSA in water accompanied with sonication
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis revealed that the diameters of P-Pc-HSA NPs were centred at 110.4 Æ 9.8 nm (Fig. 2c)
Summary
Photothermal therapy (PTT), as a noninvasive and potentially efficient cancer treatment, has drawn more and more attention recently.1–5 To date, great efforts have been devoted to studies of the nanoscale photothermal agents (PTAs) with high absorbance in the near-infrared (NIR) optical window.6–10 In comparison with the rst near-infrared (NIR-I, 650–900 nm) window, the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) biowindow features superior penetration depth and maximum permissible exposure (MPE) to the light, leading to better treatment efficiency.11–15 As it is known, an ideal PTA should possess the features such as strong NIR-II light absorption, high photothermal conversion efficiency, good photostability and biocompatibility, and easy preparation. The obtained nanoscale P-Pc-HSA possesses excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (64.7%) upon 1064 nm light irradiation, it can be a highly efficient NIR-II antitumor nanoagent via photothermal treatment (PTT), which is fully evidenced by the in vitro and in vivo experiments. Phthalocyanines (Pcs), as the second-generation photosensitizers, are a promising class of candidates for PTT due to their strong NIR absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency.21,22 the poor water solubility signi cantly limited their application as PTAs in tumor treatment, some Pc-based species have been used for the photoacoustic imaging of tumor cells.23,24
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