Abstract
Mesoporous TiO2 spheres with high crystallinity and large specific surface area were facilely prepared via sol–gel and solvothermal methods. By tuning the time and temperature of the solvothermal process, the specific surface area and pore size of TiO2 spheres were fine-controlled without any additives. Compared with the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) based on the commercial P25 nanoparticles, the dye-sensitized solar cell employing optimized TiO2 spheres achieves an excellent efficiency of 10.3%, due to the outstanding dye-loading and light-scattering abilities as well as attenuated charge recombination. Furthermore, an impressive efficiency of 11.2% can be obtained after TiCl4 post-treatment. More importantly, in combination with a single-layer TiO2 film composed of mesoporous spheres and low-volatility electrolyte, the DSC exhibits high efficiency and long-term durability.
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