Single-institution experience of venetoclax combined with azacitidine in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia patients

Abstract

To retrospectively analyze the efficacy and safety of venetoclax combined with azacitidine (VEN + AZA) in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The clinical data for 57 AML patients treated with the VEN + AZA regimen from December 2019 to November 2022 in the Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, were collected. Of the 57 patients included in this study, the mean age of onset was 69.89 (±8.88) years. The median follow-up time was 8.57 months, and the median OS time was 11.50 months. The ORR, CR rate, and MRD (<0.1%) negativity rate were 87.5%, 68.8%, and 58.3%, respectively. The median OS was longer in patients who achieved CR/CRi and who were MRD-negative than in those who did not. MRD negativity was less likely to be achieved in patients aged ≥75 years and with ECOG scores of ≥3. Compared to traditional intensive chemotherapy, MRD negative was achieved more quickly with VEN + AZA regimens in patients with newly diagnosed AML. Advanced age and ECOG score were risk factors for negative MRD. The dominant adverse reactions were hematological adverse events. VEN + AZA regimens in elderly unfit patients with previously untreated newly diagnosed AML have sufficient efficacy and safety.