Abstract
We introduce a single-frame diffractive imaging method called randomized probe imaging (RPI). In RPI, a sample is illuminated by a structured probe field containing speckles smaller than the sample's typical feature size. Quantitative amplitude and phase images are then reconstructed from the resulting far-field diffraction pattern. The experimental geometry of RPI is straightforward to implement, requires no near-field optics, and is applicable to extended samples. When the resulting data are analyzed with a complimentary algorithm, reliable reconstructions which are robust to missing data are achieved. To realize these benefits, a resolution limit associated with the numerical aperture of the probe-forming optics is imposed. RPI therefore offers an attractive modality for quantitative X-ray phase imaging when temporal resolution and reliability are critical but spatial resolution in the tens of nanometers is sufficient. We discuss the method, introduce a reconstruction algorithm, and present two proof-of-concept experiments: one using visible light, and one using soft X-rays.
Highlights
Di ractive imaging refers to a collection of computational imaging techniques that reconstruct quantitative amplitude and phase images directly from di raction patterns [1,2]
We introduce a single-frame di ractive imaging method called randomized probe imaging (RPI)
We performed a collection of numerical experiments to clarify under what circumstances RPI reconstructions succeed, as well as to understand the impact of various noise sources on the quality and reliability of RPI reconstructions
Summary
Di ractive imaging refers to a collection of computational imaging techniques that reconstruct quantitative amplitude and phase images directly from di raction patterns [1,2]. Di ractive imaging o ers unprecedented opportunities for quantitative phase imaging using both single-frame and multi-frame methods. Ptychography uses multiple di raction patterns from overlapping regions of a sample to improve the reconstruction’s reliability and allow extended samples to be imaged [7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. This trade-o has driven an enduring search for single-frame imaging methods which retain the reliability and flexibility of ptychography. We implement an approach to tackling this challenge which synthesizes two ingredients from di erent corners of the di ractive imaging world
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