Abstract
Recent progress in crystal growth technology is described for typical alkali (alkali-earth) halide and oxide scintillation crystals such as NaI:Tl, CsI:Tl, bismuth germanate (BGO; Bi 4Ge 3O 12), cadmium tungstate (CWO; CdWO 4), and cerium-doped gadolinium silicate (GSO:Ce; Gd 2SiO 5:Ce). Characteristics of the above as well as some other scintillation crystals are briefly surveyed including radiation damage. These scintillators have found a variety of applications as X-ray and γ-ray detection due to large absorption coefficient (high Z), large light output and relatively short decay time of luminescence. Typical applications in X-ray CT (CWO, etc.), Positron Emission CT (BGO, etc.), nuclear well logging, nuclear as well as high energy physics experiments (BGO, CsI:Tl, CsI, BaF 2, etc.), etc. are reviewed. GSO:Ce seems to have overall excellent characteristics, although it has been established just in recent years and hence has not yet become practical very widely. R&D efforts for new fast, dense and radiation hard scintillation crystals such as CeF 3, PbF 2, CdF 2, etc. are in progress.
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