Abstract
Background: Wearable and unobtrusive sensing devices are rapidly evolving for long-term cardiovascular monitoring. However, most of the cardiovascular device requires multi-channel physiological signals acquisition, especially in continuous blood pressure (BP) measurement using pulse transition time (PTT) based methods. The multi-devices implementation could impede wearable applications. Objective: This study developed a wearable neck patch device using single-channel impedance plethysmography (IPG) sensing for cardiovascular monitoring, including continuous BP and heart rate (HR) measurement. Methods: IPG-based BP model was derived based on the Bramwell-Hill equation. A patch IPG device was designed and installed above the carotid artery of the subject neck. To validate the BP and HR functions of our device, the Bland-Altman plots were performed to evaluate the estimation error between the reference and the proposed devices within 20 healthy subjects. Results: The BP performance indicates that systolic BP (SBP) estimation error was -0.16 ± 2.97 mmHg and 2.43 ± 1.71 mmHg in terms of mean error (ME) and mean absolute error (MAE), and 0.09 ± 3.30 mmHg and 2.83 ± 1.68 mmHg for diastolic BP (DBP) estimation. Moreover, the HR accuracy has the ME and MAE of 0.02 ± 0.17 bpm and 0.14 ± 0.08 bpm; mean percentage error (MPE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) obtained 0.04 ± 0.23 % and 0.19 ± 0.12 %. Based on statistical results, the BP and HR function of our device satisfied with AAMI/ANSI criteria below 5 ± 8 mmHg and ± 5 bpm or ± 10%. Conclusion: This study implemented a wearable neck patch device with single-channel IPG acquisition that provided two significant cardiovascular parameters of continuous BP and HR, and its performance agreed with standard criteria based on validation with reference sensors. Significance: The proposed proof-of-concept IPG neck patch device has a high potential for wearable applications and low-cost manufacturing in cardiovascular monitoring.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a category of a symptom that involves heart and blood vessel functions
A piezoelectric sensor was placed above the radial artery of the wrist to measure the pressure pulse wave (PPW) and the beat-to-beat systolic blood pressure (BP) (SBP) and diastolic BP
We evaluated the accuracy of BP and heart rate (HR) between the proposed device and reference sensors by statistical results in terms of the mean error (ME), mean percentage error (MPE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) as the evaluation metrics
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a category of a symptom that involves heart and blood vessel functions. Most of the cardiovascular device requires multi-channel physiological signals acquisition, especially in continuous blood pressure (BP) measurement using pulse transition time (PTT) based methods. Objective: This study developed a wearable neck patch device using single-channel impedance plethysmography (IPG) sensing for cardiovascular monitoring, including continuous BP and heart rate (HR) measurement. Conclusion: This study implemented a wearable neck patch device with single-channel IPG acquisition that provided two significant cardiovascular parameters of continuous BP and HR, and its performance agreed with standard criteria based on validation with reference sensors. Significance: The proposed proof-of-concept IPG neck patch device has a high potential for wearable applications and low-cost manufacturing in cardiovascular monitoring
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