Abstract
Background and Aim:Milk produced from Awassi sheep is of high nutritive value; its production is relatively low in Awassi sheep, so the genetic improvement programs targeted milk production and its components are of high importance, especially when using genes that have an important signal to milk traits. This study was aimed at assessing the influence of alpha S1 (CSN1S1) and beta-casein (CSN2) genes genotypes interaction on Awassi ewes milk productivity.Materials and Methods:A total number of 391 milk yield and its composition records (taken through five consecutive years, 2007-2011) of 167 ewes were utilized for this study. DNA samples were extracted from the ewe’s blood samples, then the polymerase chain reaction products of alpha S1 (CSN1S1) and beta-casein (CSN2) genes were sequenced. The obtained sequences were analyzed; thereafter, the detected variants were tested for their possible association with milk traits.Results:The CSN1S1 and CSN2 variants allelic frequencies were 0.85 and 0.15, and 0.95 and 0.05, respectively. Lactose and solid not fat (SNF) % were associated with TC CSN1S1 genotypes. No association was found among CSN1S1 polymorphic genotypes with milk production, lactose, and SNF % were associated with TC CSN1S1 genotypes. Ewes of CSN2 AC genotype showed higher milk production traits, while no association was found between milk composition traits and CNS2 genotypes. Nevertheless, CSN1S1*CSN2 interaction showed the highest SNF, fat percentages, and milk production.Conclusion:The substantial interaction effects between CSN1S1×CSN2 genes were significantly affected the amount of milk, fat, and SNF% produced. The detected variants should be included in the breeding programs of Awassi sheep that are designed for improving their milk quantity and quality.
Highlights
The potential use and incorporation of the genes that encoded milk proteins in breeding programs are of high importance; their pivotal role in enhancing the productivity and the manufacturing properties of sheep’s milk is highly recommended [1,2,3]
No association was found among CSN1S1 polymorphic genotypes with milk production, lactose, and solid not fat (SNF) % were associated with TC CSN1S1 genotypes
The substantial interaction effects between CSN1S1×CSN2 genes were significantly affected the amount of milk, fat, and SNF% produced
Summary
The potential use and incorporation of the genes that encoded milk proteins in breeding programs are of high importance; their pivotal role in enhancing the productivity and the manufacturing properties of sheep’s milk is highly recommended [1,2,3]. The most abundant proteins found in sheep’s milk is the caseins (80%) in addition to whey proteins. The genetic code of the casein proteins (250 kb) is located on chromosome number 6 of the ovine genome [6]. Milk produced from Awassi sheep is of high nutritive value; its production is relatively low in Awassi sheep, so the genetic improvement programs targeted milk production and its components are of high importance, especially when using genes that have an important signal to milk traits. This study was aimed at assessing the influence of alpha S1 (CSN1S1) and beta-casein (CSN2) genes genotypes interaction on Awassi ewes milk productivity
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