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Abstract
The Na+/I- symporter (NIS) is a key plasma membrane protein that mediates active I- transport in the thyroid and such other tissues as salivary glands, stomach, and lactating breast. NIS-mediated I- uptake is the first step in thyroid hormone biosynthesis. NIS mediates the inward simultaneous movement of Na+ and I- with a 2:1 stoichiometry, thus resulting in a net transfer of positive charge into the cell (i.e., electrogenic transport). We recently reported that NIS translocates different anion substrates with different stoichiometries, as Na+/perchlorate (or perrhenate) transport is electroneutral.
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