Abstract
Abstract The exploitation of low-grade iron ore deposits represents the current scenario for this business. Thus arise several types of research that aim at improvements and innovations as solutions to such situation. Therefore, herein, suggested is an alternative route for iron ore flotation that targets a higher mass recovery with concentrate within the market specification. First, the sample was deslimed at 38 µm and with the underflow a cut was performed in the 74 µm cyclone in order to separate the coarse particles from the fine. With the coarse particles, i.e. with the underflow, there a reverse flotation was carried on obtaining a concentrate with 67.7% of Fe and 0.9% of SiO2. In the fine particle overflow, direct flotation was done, generating a low-quality concentrate with 40.9% of Fe and 39.7% of SiO2. The mass recovery in direct flotation was 88% and in the reverse flotation was 61.1%. The concentrate generated from two flotations had a mass recovery of 67.4% with a content of Fe of 53.4% and 21.6% SiO2.
Highlights
The processes for iron ore concentration that stand out are the gravitational methods, magnetic separation, and flotation
Iron ore flotation shows good performance for the concentration of oxidized ores with low iron content, allowing the reduction of silica found in magnetic concentrated and it is the most suitable process for the production of concentrates intended for metallurgical processes that use a direct reduction process (Iwasaki, 1983)
The analyses by x-ray diffraction (XRD), using the powder method, were performed with a PANalytical device and the qualitative interpretation of the spectra was performed by comparison with PDF02 standards contained in the database (ICDD 2006) Plus software in HighScore
Summary
The processes for iron ore concentration that stand out are the gravitational methods, magnetic separation, and flotation. Flotation has allowed the concentration of low-grade ore fines. Flotation is a procedure that began to be applied in the mineral industry in the early twentieth century. The use of flotation was intensified and today it is the predominant technique in the area of mineral concentration (Sampaıo and Baltar, 2007). Iron ore flotation shows good performance for the concentration of oxidized ores with low iron content, allowing the reduction of silica found in magnetic concentrated and it is the most suitable process for the production of concentrates intended for metallurgical processes that use a direct reduction process (Iwasaki, 1983).
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