Abstract
We use operando X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) to analyze the relation between the properties of photoluminescence (PL) and the structures of Ag clusters and Ag ions. The Ag clusters are generated by evacuation in the cavity of Ag-type zeolite-X. The Ag clusters in the zeolite cavity collapse when exposed to the atmosphere. The results reported herein indicate that the collapsing Ag cluster plays an important role in generating strong PL bands and that Ag clusters might not be a direct species of PL. Results of XAFS analysis show that the Ag cluster formed in the zeolite cavity by evacuation can be tetrahedral with four atoms. By evacuation, 9 or 10 Ag tetrahedral are formed, two of which are expected to be responsible for strong PL. This result suggests that the Ag ion position after cluster collapse plays an important role in PL band generation and that Ag clusters are not direct luminescent species of PL.
Highlights
Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates with large ordered cavities that exhibit unique properties because of their cages [1–4]
Many reports have described that Ag clusters formed with a zeolite framework are luminescent species
X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements that can analyze local structure are combined with PL measurements
Summary
Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates with large ordered cavities (cages) that exhibit unique properties because of their cages [1–4]. They are used widely in applications such as catalysis, ion exchange, and separation [5–9]. The fact that Ag-exchanged zeolites exhibit luminous properties despite containing no rare earth metal component indicates zeolite as a promising luminescent material for future use. Many researchers have investigated the luminescence behavior of silver-exchanged zeolites [10–18]. Many reports have described that Ag clusters formed with a zeolite framework are luminescent species. In studies using inorganic material matrices such as silica, light emission from silver clusters formed in the matrix has been confirmed [19, 20].
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