Simultaneous Solid-Phase Extraction and Determination of Three Bisphenols in Water Samples and Orange Juice by a Porous β-Cyclodextrin Polymer

Abstract

A porous β-cyclodextrin polymer (P-CDP) was used as a new sorbent for simultaneous solid-phase extraction (SPE) and determination of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF). The P-CDP was obtained via the cross-linking of β-cyclodextrin with tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile, and then was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and thermo-gravimetric analysis. Adsorption tests showed that the P-CDP had good binding ability and fast uptake kinetics for three bisphenols. When used as a SPE sorbent for three bisphenols, P-CDP showed high extraction efficiencies, high enrichment factors, and good reusability. Based on the P-CDP sorbent, a new SPE-HPLC-UV method was developed and successfully applied to the detection of three bisphenols in real samples. The recoveries of BPF, BPA, and BPAF in water samples were 91.2–102.6% (RSD = 1.4–2.9%), 98.0–101.2% (RSD = 1.3–2.7%), and 96.3%–103.7% (RSD = 1.3–2.9%), respectively. Moreover, the recoveries of BPF, BPA, and BPAF in orange juice were 94.3–97.1% (RSD = 1.4–2.9%), 102.7–103.6% (RSD = 1.7–3.5%), and 94.5–101.0% (RSD = 1.3–2.8%), respectively. The limits of detection (S/N = 3) and the limits of quantification (S/N = 10) for all analytes were 0.3 and 1.0 ng/mL, respectively. Therefore, P-CDP can be used as a good SPE sorbent for the simultaneous determination of BPA, BPF, and BPAF in environmental water samples and beverages.