Simultaneous Quantification of Piperine, Vasicine and Eugenol in <i>Kabasura Kudineer</i> by HPTLC

Abstract

Kabasura Kudineer is a polyherbal decoction of the Siddha medical system (an Indian system of medicine), traditionally used to cure fever, colds, coughs, and respiratory ailments. The government of India had recommended Kabasura Kudineer as one of many preventive/treatment measures for COVID-19. Kabasura Kudineer Choornam is an admixed coarse powder of 15 herbs and its decoction is Kabasura Kudineer. The chemical constituents in the 15 herbs used for the preparation of the Choornam are known but the constituents present in the Kabasura Kudineer (decoction) are unidentified. Piperine, vasicine and eugenol are known for their potent activity against respiratory tract infections; hence, they were selected as marker compounds. The present work was planned to simultaneously quantify piperine, vasicine and eugenol in Kabasura Kudineer by the HPTLC method. The optimised mobile phase was toluene: ethyl acetate: methanol: ammonia (5:9:3:0.5, v/v/v/v), and the scanning was carried out at 287 nm. The Rf values of piperine, vasicine and eugenol were found to be 0.70, 0.32 and 0.82, respectively. The linearity range of piperine and vasicine was 500-3000 ng spot–1 and it was 10–60 ng spot–1 for eugenol. The quantities of piperine, vasicine and eugenol in Kabasura Kudineer (100 mL) were 0.03, 0.056 and 0.035 % w/v, respectively. This developed method can be used to simultaneously quantify piperine, vasicine and eugenol in any polyherbal formulation.