Abstract
Most existing signal timing plans are optimized given vehicles’ arrival time (i.e., the time for the upcoming vehicles to arrive at the stop line) as exogenous input. In this paper, based on the connected vehicle (CV) technique, vehicles can be regarded as moving sensors, and their arrival time can be dynamically adjusted by speed guidance according to the current signal status and traffic conditions. Therefore, an integrated traffic control model is proposed in this study to optimize vehicle arrival time (or travel speed) and signal timing simultaneously. “Speed guidance model at a red light” and “speed guidance model at a green light” are presented to model the influences between travel speed and signal timing. Then, the methods to model the vehicle arrival time, vehicle delay, and number of stops are proposed. The total delay, which includes the control delay, queuing delay, and signal delay, is used as the objective of the proposed model. The decision variables consist of vehicle arrival time, starting time of green, and duration of green for each phase. The sliding time window is adopted to dynamically tackle the problems. Compared with the results optimized by the classical actuated signal control method and the fixed-time-based speed guidance model, the proposed model can significantly decrease travel delays as well as improve the flexibility and mobility of traffic control. The sensitivity analysis with the communication distance, the market penetration of connected vehicles, and the compliance rate of speed guidance further demonstrates the potential of the proposed model to be applied in various traffic conditions.
Highlights
IntroductionTraffic signal control is one of the most effective methods to alleviate traffic congestion [1,2]
Traffic signal control is one of the most effective methods to alleviate traffic congestion [1,2].The existing signal control strategies can be divided into three categories, namely fixed time, actuated, and adaptive [3]
Vehicle delay includes control delay, queuing delay, and signal delay, where control delay is caused by the change in speed due to speed guidance, queuing delay is caused by the queue, and signal delay is caused by the red light [1]
Summary
Traffic signal control is one of the most effective methods to alleviate traffic congestion [1,2]. The existing studies focused mainly on modelling speed guidance strategies without optimizing signal timing plans at the same time, especially when many connected vehicles were coming from conflicting movements (e.g., through vehicles from the east and through vehicles from the south). Two speed guidance strategies associated with dynamic signal timing plans and three types of vehicle delays 2 starts in with a simple example of a the proposed model calculates the optimal signal timing to decrease the total delay for all connected vehicle to clear the intersection with either signal timing or speed adjustments. The time duration of phase p at intersection i in cycle k, which is equal to the summation of the duration of green light and green interval of phase p
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