Simultaneous full-color single-pixel imaging and visible watermarking using Hadamard-Bayer illumination patterns

Abstract

We present two novel techniques in single-pixel imaging (SPI): the first one is Hadamard-Bayer SPI in which the Hadamard-Bayer illumination patterns are employed for fast full-color SPI, with a sampling rate and computational complexity that are one-third of the full-sampling condition; the second one encodes spatial information of an image into time-varying factors in SPI and loads them into the illumination patterns, enabling high-quality single-pixel image fusion. Furthermore, we fuse these two techniques to achieve full-color visible watermarking while imaging. Theory, simulations, and experiments confirm the feasibility of the schemes. These techniques have high scalability and wide application prospects, and possess the potential to be applied in LED structured illumination systems, single-pixel multi-spectral imaging systems, and single-pixel broadcast systems.