Simultaneous forecasting of wind speed for multiple stations based on attribute-augmented spatiotemporal graph convolutional network and tree-structured parzen estimator

Abstract

The global increase in energy demand and environmental concerns have made the development of wind energy increasingly important. Accurate wind speed prediction is crucial for maximizing the benefits of wind energy. In order to further improve the accuracy of multi-site wind speed prediction, this study adopts an evolutionary algorithm-based deep learning model that fully considers the spatiotemporal relationships among multiple station's wind speed data. Firstly, the mutual information (MI) method is used to select variables with stronger correlations to wind speed as auxiliary input factors. Then, an improved version of Attribute-Augmented Spatiotemporal Graph Convolutional Network (IASTGCN) is employed to process data from multiple stations, taking into account both temporal and spatial factors. Additionally, an MI-based wind speed data relationship matrix between multiple stations is calculated to replace the original distance relationship matrix in the model, enabling the model to better capture and utilize the relationships between stations. Next, the Tree-structured Parzen Estimator (TPE) is used to optimize the hyperparameters of the model. This ultimately achieves multi-site multi-step wind speed prediction. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms baseline models and models that only consider either temporal or spatial factors in various scenarios, exhibiting better predictive performance.