Simultaneous Extraction of Lead, Copper, and Cadmium from Aqueous Solution using Emulsion Liquid Membrane Technique

Hassan A Shamkhia,Amer D Z Albdiria

doi:10.30772/qjes.v13i3.705

Abstract

A simultaneous extraction study of lead, copper, and cadmium from diluted aqueous solution through Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM) technique was conducted and extensive investigations of the impact of the pH of the feed phase, homogenizer speed, surfactant (Span 80) and carrier (D2EHPA) concentrations, and ratio of external to membrane phase on the system stability (breakage) and removal efficiencies of Pb2+, Cu2+,Cd2+ ions were experimentally carried out. Kerosene was used as the membrane and stabilized by Sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) as the emulsifier. Bis-2-Ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as an extractant and H2SO4 as a reagent (internal phase) were utilized. Lead, Copper, and Cadmium extraction efficiencies of 100%, 100%, and 98% were obtained respectively under specific operating conditions. The emulsion stability of the system was studied, and breakage of 1.8% under the best operating condition was obtained. High reagent (H2SO4) concentration (0.5 M) maintained the simultaneous extraction of the three heavy metals (lead, copper, and cadmium) and minimizes the probable interaction and competing mechanism between them in the extraction stage.

Highlights

Large quantities of wastewater containing heavy metals are annually dumped in the environment H
Adding carries Which is di-2-ethyl hexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) in this study to the organic phase works to increase the effectiveness and selectivity of separating dissolved ions, as this extractant works on forming a complex with target metal ions to increase extraction. the process of forming complexes is the intermediary of transporting ions from the external phase to the internal phase passing through the organic phase as Fig. 1
The concentration of metal ions is measured by an atomic absorption spectrometer (Japanese 2000) where acetylene gas is used with clean and dry air

Summary

Introduction

Large quantities of wastewater containing heavy metals are annually dumped in the environment H. If wastewater containing heavy metals is directly disposed to surface water, sea, and groundwater, it strongly affects the lives of organisms Begum et al [2]. Heavy metals such as; lead, copper, cadmium, zinc, nickel, Mercury, silver, iron, Chromium, gold, Arsenic, cobalt, Molybdenum, aluminum and Manganese can be absorbed and cumulative inside body of human causing dangerous health problems Mahakal et al [3] .Cancer, organ harm, and harm for the nervous system are examples of health problems caused by heavy metals. Lead causes major damage to immune and nervous systems Salman et al [7]

Methods

Results

Conclusion