Abstract
The magnetic aqueous micellar two-phase system (MAMTPS) has the advantages combined of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) and aqueous micellar two-phase system (AMTPS). Thus, MAMTPS based on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and a nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 (TX-114) was developed for the extraction, enrichment and removal of three dyes (Congo red, methyl blue, and methyl violet) from aqueous solutions in this study. The MNPs Fe3O4@NH2 was screened as the optimal MNPs benefiting the extraction. Then, the influencing factors of MNPs amount, TX-114 concentration, vibration time, and extraction temperature were investigated in detail. The results showed that the extraction efficiencies of three dyes almost reached 100% using MAMTPS under the optimal conditions; MAMTPS had higher extraction ability than the individual MSPE or AMTPS. Thus, MAMTPS had the advantages of simple operation, high extraction ability, easy recycling of MNPs, and short phase-separation time, which showspotential for use in the extraction and analysis of contaminants from water samples.
Highlights
Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) is an effective and promising liquid-liquid extraction technology, which was first introduced by Albertson [1]
magnetic aqueous micellar two-phase system (MAMTPS) had the advantages of simple operation, high extraction ability, easy recycling of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and short phase-separation time, which showspotential for use in the extraction and analysis of contaminants from water samples
The aqueous micellar two-phase system (AMTPS) based on non-ionic surfactant was a process of temperature-induced phase separation, which can form two phases above the cloud point temperature of non-ionic surfactant
Summary
Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) is an effective and promising liquid-liquid extraction technology, which was first introduced by Albertson [1]. The aqueous micellar two-phase system (AMTPS) based on non-ionic surfactant was a process of temperature-induced phase separation, which can form two phases above the cloud point temperature of non-ionic surfactant. AMTPS can be called cloud point extraction (CPE). Compared with the other liquid-liquid extraction, the AMTPS has the advantages of low toxicity of surfactants, the use of dilute solutions, no use of organic solvents, high preconcentration factor due to the small volume in surfactant-rich phase, and good biocompatibility [5,6]. The AMTPS has some disadvantages, such as the probable interference for analysis of target compounds caused by the co-existing hydrophobic species in the surfactant-rich phase, the high viscosity in surfactant-rich phase affecting the sample injection, and the long phase-separation time [7]. The AMTPS was widely used in the extraction
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