Simultaneous effects of hydrostatic pressure and temperature on the electronic spectrum in the presence of a single off-center donor atom in a hemi-quantum ring

Abstract

This study numerically investigates the electronic and donor atom properties of an electron and off-center donor atom confined in a hemi-quantum-ring (HQR) using the effective mass approximation and an infinite confinement potential. The Schrödinger equation is solved using finite element and difference methods to obtain the system’s eigenenergies and eigenfunctions. The study examines the influence of the electronic spectrum under the simultaneous effects of HQR sizes, temperature, and hydrostatic pressure applied to three directions Rg, Rc, and φ0. Additionally, the influence of donor displacement on binding and donor energies is evaluated. The numerical results show that the electronic and binding energies are highly sensitive to the size of the HQR nanostructure. Furthermore, the study found that the donor atom displacement can control the variation of binding energy and donor energy for different values of hydrostatic pressure and temperature, such as the pressure (temperature) contribution increases (decreases) the binding energy. Also, the hydrostatic pressure (temperature) applied leads to a decrease (increase) of the first four confined state energies and donor energy. The simultaneous influence of geometrical parameters, hydrostatic pressure, and temperature can help improve the efficiency of electronic devices.