Abstract
The present study describes a procedure to isolate essential oils from Rosmarinus officinalis L. using simultaneous distillation–extraction (SDE). Rosmarinus officinalis L. can be used for medicinal purposes, as well in the cooking and cosmetics industries. SDE technique extraction combines a steam distillation combined with a continuous extraction using a solvent or a co-solvent mixture, providing faster extractions with low extraction solvent volumes. The effect of the solvent nature and the extraction time on the simultaneous distillation–extraction efficiency was evaluated. The best performance was achieved using pentane as a solvent for 1 h of extraction. The essential oils obtained by simultaneous distillation–extraction extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). Extraction efficiencies ranged from 40 to 70% for the majority of the compounds tested, and the precision (measured by the relative standard deviation) varied between 6 and 35%. Among the compounds analyzed the most abundant in the Rosmarinus officinalis L. sample were 1,8-cineole, (-) –borneol, α-pinene, (S)-(-)- α–terpineol, (-)-bornyl acetate, linalool, and 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexanone. The SDE method proved to be a suitable option for obtaining extracts free from cuticular waxes or chlorophylls.
Highlights
Rosmarinus officinalis L. is an aromatic shrub with an intense, pleasant smell belonging to the Lamiaceae family [1,2,3]
Rosmarinus officinalis L. has been used since ancient times for medicinal purposes and is known for its antiseptic, anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic properties
Essential oils extracted from Rosmanirus Officinalis L. are widely used in the cosmetics and perfumery industry and aromatherapy, in particular by therapeutic techniques such as massage, inhalation, or bath
Summary
Rosmarinus officinalis L. is an aromatic shrub with an intense, pleasant smell belonging to the Lamiaceae family [1,2,3]. Essential oils extracted from Rosmanirus Officinalis L. are widely used in the cosmetics and perfumery industry and aromatherapy, in particular by therapeutic techniques such as massage, inhalation, or bath They are used as ingredients in the pharmaceutical industry to flavor oral forms, to perfume dermo-pharmaceutical preparations, and to ensure the preservation of pharmaceutical forms [8]. Simultaneous distillation–extraction (SDE), introduced in 1964 by Likens and Nickerson, has been successfully applied in the extraction of essential oils, aromatic compounds, and other volatile products from several matrices This technique has usually been considered superior to classical ones, such as distillation or solvent extraction, once it combines steam distillation with continuous extraction with a solvent or a mixture of solvents [21]. Extraction solvents were n-Pentane (Carlo Erba 95%) and Chloroform (Panreac 99.0%)
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