Abstract
AimsComplex ablation procedures are supported by accurate representation of an increasing variety of electrophysiological and imaging data within electroanatomic mapping systems (EMS). This study aims to develop a novel method for representing multiple complementary datasets on a single cardiac chamber model. Validation of the system and its application to both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias is examined.Methods and resultsDot mapping was conceived to display multiple datasets by utilizing quantitative surface shading to represent one dataset and finely spaced dots to represent others. Dot positions are randomized within triangular (surface meshes) or tetrahedral (volumetric meshes) simplices making the approach directly transferrable to contemporary EMS. Test data representing uniform electrical activation (n = 10) and focal scarring (n = 10) were used to test dot mapping data perception accuracy. User experience of dot mapping with atrial and ventricular clinical data is evaluated. Dot mapping ensured constant screen dot density for regions of uniform dataset values, regardless of user manipulation of the cardiac chamber. Perception accuracy of dot mapping was equivalent to colour mapping for both propagation direction (1.5 ± 1.8 vs. 4.8 ± 5.3°, P = 0.24) and focal source localization (1.1 ± 0.7 vs. 1.4 ± 0.5 mm, P = 0.88). User acceptance testing revealed equivalent diagnostic accuracy and display fidelity when compared with colour mapping.ConclusionDot mapping provides the unique ability to display multiple datasets from multiple sources on a single cardiac chamber model. The visual combination of multiple datasets may facilitate interpretation of complex electrophysiological and imaging data.
Highlights
Substrate-based ablation strategies underpin the treatment of multiple atrial and ventricular arrhythmias
cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) data were registered to the endocardial electroanatomic mapping (EAM) geometry using landmark registration followed by an iterative closest point algorithm,[10] which computes an optimal affine-based registration for fusion of the two surfaces
The main findings of this study are as follows. (i) Dot mapping is a new technique that can display at least two independent datasets within a common spatial domain whilst minimizing loss of fidelity of either dataset. (ii) Dot mapping can be applied to electrophysiological and imaging datasets in both the atrium and the ventricle. (iii) Dot mapping can facilitate the clinical interpretation of a second dataset in the context of a first dataset
Summary
Dot mapping was conceived to display multiple datasets by utilizing quantitative surface shading to represent one daand results taset and finely spaced dots to represent others. Dot positions are randomized within triangular (surface meshes) or tetrahedral (volumetric meshes) simplices making the approach directly transferrable to contemporary EMS. Test data representing uniform electrical activation (n 1⁄4 10) and focal scarring (n 1⁄4 10) were used to test dot mapping data perception accuracy. User experience of dot mapping with atrial and ventricular clinical data is evaluated. Dot mapping ensured constant screen dot density for regions of uniform dataset values, regardless of user manipulation of the cardiac chamber. Perception accuracy of dot mapping was equivalent to colour mapping for both propagation direction
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