Simultaneous Determination of Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb) and Copper (Cu) in Blood Using Differential- Pulse Anodic-Stripping Voltammetry

Abstract

The salts of Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), are of great toxicological importance and can causes poisoning. Therefore quantitative determination of traces of zinc, cadmium, lead, copper, in blood is very essential. Routinely, inductive coupled plasma, atomic absorption spectrometry, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry were used for analysis. An attempt has been made to develop new method for simultaneous determination of traces of zinc, cadmium, lead, copper, in blood done by differential-pulse anodic-stripping voltammetry. Blood was processed by wet digestion method using concentrated nitric acid and sulphuric acid. Determination of zinc, cadmium, lead, copper, was made in acetate buffer (pH 4.6) with a sweep rate (scan rate) of 60.0 mV/s and pulse amplitude 50 mV by Hanging Mercury Dropping Electrode (HMDE) by standard addition method. The solution was stirred during pre-electrolysis at -1150 mV (vs. Ag/ AgCl) for 90 s and the potential was scanned from - 1150m V to +100m V (vs. Ag/ AgCl). Under these conditions the limit of detection of zinc, cadmium, lead, and copper were 1.0 μg/L, 1.0 μg/L, 0.1 μg/L, 1.0 μg/L and respectively.