Simultaneous Determination of Phoxim, Chlorpyrifos, and Pyridaben Residues in Edible Mushrooms by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

A new method for simultaneous determination of phoxim, chlorpyrifos, and pyridaben residues in edible mushrooms and the substrate at trace levels was developed using QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, efficient, rugged, and safe) analytical procedure and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The target compounds were determinated using UHPLC-MS/MS with an electrospray ionization source in positive mode (ESI+). The limit of detection (LOD) for the three compounds ranged from 1 to 10 μg kg−1, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 10 μg kg−1. Quantification was performed by calibration curves of standards from 0.01 to 1.0 mg kg−1 with correlation coefficients >0.994. Recovery studies were performed at three spiked levels of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.25 mg kg−1 in blank mushrooms and the substrate, and the overall average recoveries ranged from 75.5 to 98.4 %. The data demonstrated the good repeatability of the method with relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 11.4 % for all analytes. The results showed that the method is efficient and reliable for the simultaneous determination of phoxim, chlorpyrifos, and pyridaben residues in mushrooms and substrate.