Simultaneous determination of formaldehyde and methanol by flow-injection catalytic spectrophotometry

Abstract

A flow-injection method is proposed for the simultaneous catalytic determination of formaldehyde and methanol on the basis of the catalytic action of formaldehyde upon the redox reaction between crystal violet and potassium bromate in a phosphoric acid medium and on-line oxidization of methanol into formaldehyde using a lead dioxide solid-phase reactor. The indicator reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in the absorbance of crystal violet at the maximum absorption wavelength of 610 nm. A technique based on three sampling loops with a single injection valve is developed. The flow-injection system produces a signal of main peak with two shoulders of the same height. The height of the shoulders corresponds to the formaldehyde concentration, and the height difference between the shoulders and the main peak corresponds to the methanol concentration. The detection limit is 0.1 μg/mL for formaldehyde and 1.0 μg/mL for methanol with the sampling rate of 10 samples per hour. The relative standard deviations for 11 replicate determinations of formaldehyde (1.0 μg/mL) and methanol (10 μg/mL) are 1.1 and 2.1%, respectively. The method has been successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of formaldehyde and methanol in some gas samples.