Simultaneous Determination of Flavonoids in Different Parts of Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ Fruit by High Performance Liquid Chromatography—Photodiode Array Detection

Yinshi Sun,Yujie Zhang,Xiaoxia Zhang,Jianhua Wang,Zhengbo Liu,Shubo Gu

doi:10.3390/molecules15085378

Abstract

Flavonoids are important polyphenolic secondary metabolites in plant. Citrus reticulata‘Chachi’ fruit are rich in flavonoids and are being used as functional antioxidant ingredients for the treatment of atherosclerosis and cancer, etc. A high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection system was used to analyze five flavonoids, namely, naringin, hesperidin, didymin, tangeretin and nobiletin, in different parts of C. reticulata‘Chachi’ fruit. The chromatographic analysis was performed on a C18 column with a gradient elution of acetonitrile and water at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Detection was carried out using a photodiode array detector at 280 nm. The calibration curves for the determination of all analytes showed good linearity over the investigated ranges (R2 > 0.9995). Precision and reproducibility were evaluated by six replicated analyses, and the R.S.D. values were less than 0.9% and 2.7%. The recoveries were between 98.37 and 103.89%. This method is promising to improve the quality control of different parts of C. reticulata‘Chachi’ fruit.

Highlights

Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ is a general genus and species of tangerines [1,2]
Pharmacological research has indicated that Pericarpium Citri Reticultae exhibits significant antimutagenic [5], antiinflammatory [6,7], antioxidant [8,9], antitumor [10,11], and antiatherosclerosis [12,13] functions and reduces phlegm in the lung [3]
The purpose of this work was to determine and analyse five flavonoids in the parts of peel, pith, endocarp, pulp and seeds of C. reticulata ‘Chachi’ fruit by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which would be useful for quality control applications to citrus and other plantd associated with these ingredients

Summary

Introduction

Citrus reticulata ‘Chachi’ is a general genus and species (i.e. taxon) of tangerines [1,2]. Its dried and mature peel Pericarpium Citri Reticultae (Guang Chenpi) has been recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as appropriate for medical use [3]. C. reticulata ‘Chachi’ are consumed as culinary seasonings and tea ingredients in China [4]. More attention had been paid to flavonoids and some publications have suggested they might play important roles in anticancer activity [14,15,16]

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Conclusion