Simultaneous detection of Vitamin B12 and Vitamin C from real samples using miniaturized laser-induced graphene based electrochemiluminescence device with closed bipolar electrode

Abstract

Herein, a two and three-channel laser-induced graphene (LIG) based closed bipolar Electrochemiluminescence (LIG-C-BPE-ECL) system was developed for sensing various analytes. Polyimide sheet was extensively used to fabricate two and three-channel LIG-C-BPE-ECL device as it has the ability to produce graphitized zones in a single step. CO2 infrared laser, with optimized parameters, was effectively used to fabricate closed bipolar (C-BPE) and driving electrodes (DEs). A miniaturized portable 3D printed system was developed to hold the device and place the smartphone to create a standalone ECL sensing platform. The smartphone not only captured the ECL signal but also powered the ECL device through DC to DC buck-boost converter. Two and three-channel LIG-C-BPE-ECL device was fabricated for the sensing of both individual and two analytes at the same time. The performance of the two-channel LIG-C-BPE-ECL device was validated by doing individual sensing of Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Vitamin B12 and Vitamin C for the linear range of 0.5–100 μM, 0.5–1000 nM and 1–1000 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) 0.303 μM, 0.109 nM and 0.96 μM respectively. Subsequently, three-channel LIG-C-BPE-ECL device was fabricated and simultaneous detection of Vitamin B12 and Vitamin C was accomplished. Finally, real sample analysis has been performed by doing concurrent sensing of vitamin B12 and vitamin C using three-channel LIG-C-BPE-ECL device with a good recovery rate. Such a miniaturized portable LIG-C-BPE-ECL system has great potential to be used in various applications including point of care testing.