Abstract
Deep desulfurization of liquid fuels is an important and challenging issue in worldwide petroleum refining industry. Extraction and catalytic oxidative desulfurization (ECODS) of liquid fuels using a series of ionic liquids (ILs) with two functionalized groups, such as [(CH2)(2)COOHmim]Cl/nFeCl(3), [(CH2)(2)COOHmim]Cl/nZnCl(2), and [Amim]Cl/nFeCl(3), was studied. In the ECODS, the ILs were used as both extractant and catalyst and 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution as oxidant. The effects of molar ratios of [(CH2)(2)COOHmim]Cl (or [Amim]Cl) to FeCl3 (or ZnCl2) in ILs, H2O2/sulfur (O/S) molar ratio, reaction temperature, and the nature of sulfur compounds on sulfur removal were investigated. The natures of the functional groups (-COOH, -CH2-CH=CH2) in cations and the acid strength of anions play important roles in the ECODS and affect the reaction time, temperature, and desulfurization efficiency of different substrates. Also, nitrogen-containing compounds (pyridine, pyrrole, and quinoline) could be removed simultaneously in the ECODS and had different effects on dibenzothiophene removal.
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