Abstract
This study investigates the propagation properties and radiation forces on Rayleigh dielectric particles produced by novel sine-modulated Gaussian beams (SMGBs) because of the unique focusing properties of four independent light intensity distribution centers and possessing many deep potential wells in the output plane of the target laser. The described beams can concurrently capture and manipulate multiple Rayleigh dielectric spheres with high refractive indices without disturbing each other at the focus plane. Spheres with a low refractive index can be guided or confined in the focus but cannot be stably trapped in this single beam trap. Simulation results demonstrate that the focused SMGBs can be used to trap particle in different planes by increasing the sine-modulate coefficient g. The conditions for effective and stable capture of high-index particles and the threshold of detectable radius are determined at the end of this study.
Highlights
This study investigates the propagation properties and radiation forces on Rayleigh dielectric particles produced by novel sine-modulated Gaussian beams (SMGBs) because of the unique focusing properties of four independent light intensity distribution centers and possessing many deep potential wells in the output plane of the target laser
This study proposes an SMGB that can generate four light intensity distribution centers to independently trap the focal plane up to four high refractive index Rayleigh dielectric nanospheres
To further study the influences of beams’ optical parameters generated by SMGBs on the transverse gradient force, Fig. 6a–c illustrate the radiation forces exerted on the high-index particles for different values of radius a, the beam waist w0, and the distance δz from the focus point
Summary
In the rectangular coordinate system, the electric field of SMGBs at the origin plane ( z1 = 0 ) takes the form. Where E0 denotes a constant related to the laser beams power P. Using the extended Huygens–Fresnel diffraction integral in the paraxial approximation, we can determine the electric field of SMGBs using an ABCD optical system. We probe the focusing properties of SMGBs by considering the beam propagation through a lens system (Fig. 1). The transfer matrix for this system is given by the r eference[33], where z is the longitudinal coordinate at the beginning of the focusing lens, z = f + δz. We can obtain the initial value of the electric field
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